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Sustainable intensification of agriculture is key to feeding Africa in the 21st century
Shenggen FAN
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第4期 页码 366-370 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020342
Africa in facing numerous challenges in the 21st century in feeding its rapidly increasing population. Land resources have become limited due to urbanization and industrialization. The existing agricultural land has been degraded and soil fertility has declined due to unsustainable farming practices. Despite of progress made in the past several decades, hunger and malnutrition in Africa still hinder health, human development and economic growth, which will become even worse in the future if proper measures are not taken. Sustainable intensification is the only solution to tackling both environmental sustainability including climate change and malnutrition, i.e., to produce more foods in terms of nutrients human body needs with less natural resources and carbon emissions. To achieve this vision, innovations in technologies, policies and institutions are essential. The Chinese experience in Agricultural Green Development (AGD) can be shared with Africans when the region is pursuing its sustainable intensification strategy.
关键词： Africa sustainable intensification Agricultural Green Development climate change malnutrition
Towards the sustainable intensification of agriculture—a systems approach to policy formulation
Leslie G. FIRBANK
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第1期 页码 81-89 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019291
The sustainable intensification of agriculture involves providing sufficient food and other ecosystem services without going beyond the limits of the earth’s system. Here a project management approach is suggested to help guide agricultural policy to deliver these objectives. The first step is to agree measurable outcomes, integrating formal policy goals with the often much less formal and much more diverse goals of individual farmers. The second step is to assess current performance. Ideally, this will involve the use of farm-scale metrics that can feed into process models that address social and environmental domains as well as production issues that can be benchmarked and upscaled to landscape and country. Some policy goals can be delivered by supporting ad hoc interventions, while others require the redesign of the farming system. A pipeline of research, knowledge and capacity building is needed to ensure the continuous increase in farm performance. System models can help prioritise policy interventions. Formal optimization of land use is only appropriate if the policy goals are clear, and the constraints understood. In practice, the best approach may depend on the scale of action that is required, and on the amount of resource and infrastructure available to generate, implement and manage policy.
关键词： agricultural policy ecosystem services indicators of sustainable intensification knowledge exchange land use optimization
Sustainable intensification of agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa: first things first!
Bernard VANLAUWE, Achim DOBERMANN
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第4期 页码 376-382 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020351
Sustainable intensification of African agriculture: a necessity, but not yet a reality
Bruno GÉRARD
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第4期 页码 383-389 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020361
Intercropping enables a sustainable intensification of agriculture
Wopke VAN DER WERF, Chunjie LI, Wen-Feng CONG, Fusuo ZHANG
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第3期 页码 254-256 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020352
Toward sustainable intensification of agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa
Andreas BUERKERT, Eva SCHLECHT
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第4期 页码 401-405 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020341
Across the African continent efforts to intensify agriculture have been limited to specific commodities, locations or particular production schemes. The causes for the widespread failure to overcome low land and labor productivity while maintaining ecosystem services have often be analyzed but remain poorly understood. A social-ecological system approach may help to better understand the complex nature of ecological disadvantages, postcolonial structures, limited connect between producers and consumer markets, low off-farm livelihood opportunities, partial underpopulation and lacking experience with the concept of sustainable production as a major impediment for sustainable intensification of the agricultural sector. Nevertheless, recent success stories in agro-pastoral systems as well as urban vegetable and animal production and associated value chains in West Africa, and in intensive mixed-cropping systems of the Great Lakes Region show the potential of stakeholder-driven agricultural intensification. Proper interpretation of these cases may provide lessons for a more widespread eco-intensification of smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa.
关键词： colonial heritage land use marketing property rights subsistence agriculture urbanization value chains
Sustainable intensification of agriculture in Africa
Antonius G.T. SCHUT, Ken E. GILLER
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第4期 页码 371-375 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020357
关键词： Green Revolution Manihot esculenta Musa acuminata sub-Saharan Africa
Special issue on “Green chemical process and intensification”
《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第11期 页码 1533-1535 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2263-y
Agriculture Green Development: a model for China and the world
Jianbo SHEN, Qichao ZHU, Xiaoqiang JIAO, Hao YING, Hongliang WANG, Xin WEN, Wen XU, Tingyu LI, Wenfeng CONG, Xuejun LIU, Yong HOU, Zhenling CUI, Oene OENEMA, William J. DAVIES, Fusuo ZHANG
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第1期 页码 5-13 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019300
Realizing sustainable development has become a global priority. This holds, in particular, for agriculture. Recently, the United Nations launched the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the Nineteenth National People’s Congress has delivered a national strategy for sustainable development in China—realizing green development. The overall objective of Agriculture Green Development (AGD) is to coordinate “green” with “development” to realize the transformation of current agriculture with high resource consumption and high environmental costs into a green agriculture and countryside with high productivity, high resource use efficiency and low environmental impact. This is a formidable task, requiring joint efforts of government, farmers, industry, educators and researchers. The innovative concept for AGD will focus on reconstructing the whole crop-animal production and food production-consumption system, with the emphasis on high thresholds for environmental standards and food quality as well as enhanced human well-being. This paper addresses the significance, challenges, framework, pathways and potential solutions for realizing AGD in China, and highlights the potential changes that will lead to a more sustainable agriculture in the future. Proposals include interdisciplinary innovations, whole food chain improvement and regional solutions. The implementation of AGD in China will provide important implications for the countries in developmental transition, and contribute to global sustainable development.
关键词： Agriculture Green Development food security interdisciplinary innovations resource use efficiency sustainable development sustainable intensification whole industry chain
氧化还原氧化裂解石脑油制乙烯的过程模拟与分析 Article
Vasudev Pralhad Haribal,Yun Chen,Luke Neal,Fanxing Li
《工程（英文）》 2018年 第4卷 第5期 页码 714-721 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.08.001
石脑油热裂解制乙烯（C2H4）是一种能源密集型工艺（每吨C2H4 高达40 GJ 热量），会形成大量焦炭和氮氧化物（NOx），而且每产生1 kg C2H4 就有1.8~2 kg 的二氧化碳（CO2）排放量。我们提出了石脑油氧化还原氧化裂解（redox oxy-cracking，ROC）的替代方法。在该两步法中，石脑油裂解产生的氢气（H2）首先在氧化还原催化剂的作用下与其晶格氧选择性地燃烧。随后氧化还原催化剂被空气再次氧化并释放热量，以满足裂解反应对热量的需求。这个强化过程减少了附加能量的消耗以及CO2 和NOx 的排放。此外，由于H2 的选择性燃烧，C2H4 和丙烯（C3H6）的形成可以被增强。在本研究中，我们基于最近开发氧化还原催化剂的实验数据，使用ASPEN Plus® 模拟ROC工艺。与传统的石脑油裂解相比，ROC 工艺可将能耗和CO2 排放量降低52%。该工艺的上游部分少消耗约67% 的能量，同时每千克石脑油原料多产生28% 的C2H4 和C3H6。
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期
• Current intensification trends in the Rio de la Plata need urgent re-direction.
•Integrated crop-livestock systems reconcile food production with ecosystem services.
•Case studies validate recoupling as a sustainable way to ecological intensification.
The Rio de la Plata region comprises central Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil. Modern agriculture developed around 1900 with recent decades being characterized by the advance of cropping areas over native grasslands. Highly specialized agriculture has decoupled crop and livestock production but has succeeded in intensifying yields. However, significant losses of ecosystem services have been reported. Thus, questions have been raised on the sustainability of this pathway. A glance at world regions that have experienced similar trends suggests that an urgent course correction is needed. A major concern has been the lack of diversity in regions with highly specialized agriculture, promoting renewed interest in integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS), not only because ICLS are more diverse than specialized systems, but also because they are rare examples of reconciliation between agroecosystem intensification and environmental quality. Consequently, this paper discusses alternatives to redesign multifunctional landscapes based on ICLS. Recent data provide evidence that recoupling crop and animal production increases the resilience of nutrient cycling functions and economic indicators to external stressors, enabling these systems to face climate-market uncertainty and reconcile food production with the provision of diverse ecosystem services. Finally, these concepts are exemplified in case studies where this perspective has been successfully applied.
气升式浆态床反应器的过程强化 Review
耿淑君, 毛在砂, 黄青山, 杨超
《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第3期 页码 304-325 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.03.002
气升式浆态床反应器是一种重要的气-液-固多相反应器，包括鼓泡塔反应器和环流反应器。这些反应器具有剪切应力低、混合程度好、传质/传热能力强、成本低等优点，已被广泛应用于许多工业过程，尤其是生物发酵和能源化工领域。为了进一步提高浆态床反应器的性能（即混合和传质/传热性能）和满足工业应用要求（如温度控制、减少返混和产品分离等），浆态床反应器的过程强化至关重要。首先，本文回顾了这两种反应器在强化混合和传质/传热方面的最新研究进展。然后，总结了浆态床反应器在连续生产时混合与分离的过程强化方法，其中，由于具有高效率和低成本的优点，推荐采用将环流反应器内的定向流动与水力旋流器的简单固-液分离相结合的过程强化技术。接着，系统地讨论了浆态床反应器所面临的问题和挑战，包括流型判别、气体分布器设计、固体颗粒影响及其他问题。本文还介绍了应用计算流体力学对浆态床反应器进行数值模拟的研究进展，讨论了建模的难点。最后，对工业浆态床反应器的设计进行总结和展望。
膜结晶过程强化与控制研究进展 Review
姜晓滨, 邵钰珊, 盛磊, 李培钰, 贺高红
《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第1期 页码 50-62 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.024
结晶是用于固体颗粒制备的基本分离技术，其中成核和生长过程的精确调控至关重要。目前，发展同时增强整个结晶过程的新型控制技术仍然面临巨大挑战。膜结晶（MCr）是一种新兴耦合技术，近年来取得了长足的进步，有望实现上述目标。本文综述了MCr的基本概念及其在结晶控制和过程强化中的应用前景，对MCr用的关键膜材料、过程控制机制以及基于多种混合膜和结晶工艺的优化策略进行简述。最后，概述了将MCr技术推广到工业应用的尝试，以及需要解决的问题和研究方向。
Design and optimization of reactive distillation: a review
《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 页码 799-818 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2128-9
关键词： reactive distillation process intensification design method reactive phase diagram optimization algorithm
Equipment–process–strategy integration for sustainable machining: a review
《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0752-4
关键词： sustainable machining equipment process strategy manufacturing
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Sustainable intensification of agriculture is key to feeding Africa in the 21st century
Shenggen FAN
期刊论文
Towards the sustainable intensification of agriculture—a systems approach to policy formulation
Leslie G. FIRBANK
期刊论文
Sustainable intensification of agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa: first things first!
Bernard VANLAUWE, Achim DOBERMANN
期刊论文
Sustainable intensification of African agriculture: a necessity, but not yet a reality
Bruno GÉRARD
期刊论文
Intercropping enables a sustainable intensification of agriculture
Wopke VAN DER WERF, Chunjie LI, Wen-Feng CONG, Fusuo ZHANG
期刊论文
Toward sustainable intensification of agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa
Andreas BUERKERT, Eva SCHLECHT
期刊论文
Agriculture Green Development: a model for China and the world
Jianbo SHEN, Qichao ZHU, Xiaoqiang JIAO, Hao YING, Hongliang WANG, Xin WEN, Wen XU, Tingyu LI, Wenfeng CONG, Xuejun LIU, Yong HOU, Zhenling CUI, Oene OENEMA, William J. DAVIES, Fusuo ZHANG
期刊论文
LAND-USE INTENSIFICATION TRENDS IN THE RIO DE LA PLATA REGION OF SOUTH AMERICA: TOWARD SPECIALIZATION
期刊论文
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